- [PDF]
Virtualizing the Data Plane Through Source Code Merging
www.cs.princeton.edu/~jrex/papers/presto08-eric.pdf
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by E Keller – 2008 – Cited by 18 – Related articles
virtualized Linux kernel as the target platform, showing how we provided isolation between the customized data plane. Categories and Subject Descriptors … - [PDF]
Backtracking Intrusions
www.cs.princeton.edu/courses/archive/…/backtracking-king05.pdf
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by ST KING – 2005 – Cited by 76 – Related articles
applications experience almost no overhead, and kernel-intensive applications such as SPECweb99 and compiling the Linux kernel experience 14–35% over- …You’ve visited this page 4 times. Last visit: 2/16/12
- [PDF]
Prem Gopalan
www.cs.princeton.edu/~pgopalan/pgopalan-cv.pdf
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Fast IP address lookup in Linux kernel using k-ary trees. Technical Skills. Programming: C++, Perl, R, SQL, Java, Caml, Python, LateX, Coq. Systems: Postgres… - [PDF]
Recovering Device Drivers
www.cs.princeton.edu/courses/archive/…/recover-device-swift04.pdf
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by MM Swift – Cited by 184 – Related articles
well as the kernel itself, continue to function as expected. We implemented shadow drivers for the Linux operating system and tested them on over a dozen … - [PDF]
The Performance of p-Kernel-Based Systems
www.cs.princeton.edu/courses/archive/fall07/cos518/…/ukernel.pdf
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by H H&g – Cited by 306 – Related articles
A monolithic Unix kernel, Linux, was adapted to run as a user-level single …. ments switching between Linux kernel contexts, copyinlcopyout for transferring data … - [PDF]
patch (1) Considered Harmful
www.cs.princeton.edu/~dpw/papers/hotos.pdf
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by ME Fiuczynski – Cited by 47 – Related articles
1 Feb 2005 – Major variants to a mainline Linux kernel are typ- ically represented in terms of higher-level extensions that are implemented through so-called … - [PDF]
Making Extensibility of System Software Practical with the C4 Toolkit
www.cs.princeton.edu/~dpw/papers/splat06.pdf
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by M Yuen – Cited by 9 – Related articles
C4 toolkit, which is designed to bring AOSD techniques to system software written in C and which we have used for introducing aspects into the Linux 2.6 kernel. - [PDF]
Martin Suchara
www.cs.princeton.edu/~msuchara/Suchara.pdf
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Linux kernel. Conducted testing and benchmarking of the device. Summer 2006. Caltech – Undergraduate Research Assistant. • Demonstrated how TCP can … - [PDF]
COS 318: Operating Systems OS Structures and System Calls
www.cs.princeton.edu/courses/…/Lec3-StructureAndSysCalls.pdf
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All kernel routines are together, any can call any. ◆ A system call interface (main program, sys calls, utility funcs). ◆ Examples: ●. Linux, BSD Unix, Windows … - [PDF]
Linux Profiling and Optimization
www.cs.princeton.edu/picasso/mats/…/Lucifredi_Lecture_Feb07.pdf
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The Black Art of Linux Performance Tuning … Yes, that means the kernel, the CPU and all the rest …. adventurous ? you can tune this via kernel boot params … - [PDF]
TCP MaxNet Background, Algorithms, Implementation and …
www.cs.princeton.edu/~msuchara/publications/BSThesis.pdf
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by M Suchara – 2006 – Related articles
in the Linux kernel, and last but not least, the advice they provided. iii … protocol in theLinux kernel by modifying the TCP/IP stack. Imple- mentation related … - [PDF]
Automatic Specialization of Protocol Stacks in Operating System …
www.cs.princeton.edu/~sapanb/old/Biblio/bhatia-lcn-04.pdf
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by S Bhatia – Cited by 5 – Related articles
implementation in the Linux kernel and used the optimized protocol stack in existing applications. These applications were minimally modified to request the … - [PDF]
Remote Customization of Systems Code for Embedded Devices∗
www.cs.princeton.edu/~sapanb/old/Biblio/bhatia-emsoft-04.pdf
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by S Bhatia – 2004 – Cited by 15 – Related articles
a case study: the TCP/IP stack of the Linux kernel. We analyzed the performance and size of the customized code generated on three platforms: a Pentium III … - [PDF]
Pioneer: Verifying Code Integrity and Enforcing Untampered Code …
www.cs.princeton.edu/courses/archive/…/pioneer-seshadri-sosp05.pd…
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by A Seshadri – 2005 – Cited by 157 – Related articles
monitor is unmodified and runs untampered. When implemented on version 2.6 of theLinux kernel, our rootkit detector was able to detect all publically-known … - [PDF]
The Click Modular Router
www.cs.princeton.edu/courses/archive/fall08/cos561/…/kohler00.pdf
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by E KOHLER – Cited by 1538 – Related articles
to the Linux kernel. A modular Click IP router configuration has a maximum loss-free forwarding rate of 333000 64-byte packets per second on a 700 MHz … - [PDF]
Vivek Pai Anirudh Badam Sunghwan Ihm KyoungSoo Park Marc …
www.cs.princeton.edu/~abadam/papers/edge_xl.pdf
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bandwidth shifting reduces total cost. Internet. Cache. Slow. Fast. Local Network (school, company, ISP, etc). (c) YouTube. (b) Linux Kernel. (a) News Site. - [PDF]
6.2 String Sets
www.cs.princeton.edu/courses/archive/fall06/cos226/…/trie.pdf
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Linux kernel API: memory management. ■. T9 predictive text input for cell phones. 4. String Set: Operations. Operations. ■ set.add(String s) insert string s into … - [PDF]
Seamless BGP Migration With Router Grafting
www.cs.princeton.edu/~jrex/papers/nsdi10.pdf
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by E Keller – Cited by 8 – Related articles
ware. Our prototype implementation uses and extends. Click, the Linux kernel, and Quagga, and introduces a daemon that automates the migration process. - [PDF]
Scale and Performance in the Denali Isolation Kernel
www.cs.princeton.edu/courses/archive/fall05/cos518/…/denali.pdf
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by A Whitaker – Cited by 390 – Related articles
rently implementing a port of the Linux operating system to the Denali virtual architecture; this port is still work in progress. 3 The Denali Isolation Kernel … - [PDF]
Implementation of Provably Stable MaxNet
www.cs.princeton.edu/~msuchara/…/MaxNetProvablyStable.pdf
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by M Suchara – Cited by 4 – Related articles
Third, we provide a Linux kernel implementation of the protocol. With no overhead … of the protocol in the Linux kernel and the experimental evalu- ation of its … - [PDF]
Trellis: A Platform for Building Flexible, Fast Virtual Networks on …
www.cs.princeton.edu/~acb/papers/trellis2008.pdf
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by S Bhatia – 2008 – Cited by 60 – Related articles
Linux kernel, allows virtual interfaces within each virtual node to be connected to the appropriate tunnels. To improve forwarding performance, we propose an … - [PDF]
7. Theory of Computation
www.cs.princeton.edu/courses/archive/fall09/…/18Theory-2×2.pdf
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e.g., Intel Core 2 Duo running Linux kernel 2.6. 4. Why Learn Theory? In theory … •Deeper understanding of what is a computer and computing. •Foundation of … - [PDF]
Wide-Area Route Control for Distributed Services
www.cs.princeton.edu/~jrex/papers/usenix10.pdf
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by V Valancius – Cited by 8 – Related articles
ponents such as the Linux kernel and the Quagga routing daemon. We also implement a management plane based on the GENI control framework and couple … - [PDF]
Making the “Box” Transparent: System Call Performance as a First …
www.cs.princeton.edu/~yruan/debox/debox.pdf
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by Y Ruan – Cited by 38 – Related articles
we demonstrate by showing improvements on Linux. Our kernel modifications, optimizing of the sendfile() sys- tem call, have been integrated into FreeBSD. - [PDF]
Hosting Virtual Networks on Commodity Hardware
www.cs.princeton.edu/~jrex/papers/trellis07.pdf
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by S Bhatia – Cited by 49 – Related articles
VMWare Server [39, 35] and Linux’s Kernel– based Virtual Machines (KVM) [1] provide full virtualiza- tion, while Xen [13] and Denali [41] are examples of sys- … - [PDF]
A Method for Transparent Admission Control and Request …
www.cs.princeton.edu/courses/archive/spr06/…/elnikety04method.pd…
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by S Elnikety – Cited by 258 – Related articles
Hat Linux with the Linux kernel 2.4.18. We use Apache version. 1.3.27 for the front-end Web server, and Jakarta Tomcat version. 3.2.4 as the application server. - [PDF]
COS 318: Operating Systems Virtual Machine Monitors
www.cs.princeton.edu/courses/archive/fall10/…/VirtualMachines.pdf
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Uses device drivers from the Linux kernel to talk directly to the device. ◆ Low performance devices are channeled to special “host”. VM, which runs a full Linux … - [PDF]
L24_VirtualMachinesBigFinish v2.pptx
www.cs.princeton.edu/courses/archive/fall11/cos318/…/L24_VMs.pd…
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Uses device drivers from the Linux kernel to talk directly to the device. ◆ Low performance devices are channeled to special “host”. VM, which runs a full Linux … - [PDF]
Eliminating the Hypervisor Attack Surface for a More Secure Cloud
www.cs.princeton.edu/~jrex/papers/ccs11.pdf
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by J Szefer – 2011 – Cited by 5 – Related articles
the Linux kernel. First, it is used as an external reference to determine the clock frequency of the processor. The lo- cal APIC timer is configured to generate an … - [PDF]
Balanced Trees
www.cs.princeton.edu/~rs/AlgsDS07/09BalancedTrees.pdf
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Java: java.util.TreeMap, java.util.TreeSet. • C++ STL: map, multimap, multiset. • Linux kernel: linux/rbtree.h. B-Trees: widely used for file systems and databases … - [PDF]
Porting a User-Level Communication Architecture to NT …
www.cs.princeton.edu/~skumar/papers/USENIX99/usenix99.pdf
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by Y Chen – Cited by 6 – Related articles
changing nature of Linux kernel sources also poses a daunting task for maintaining our VMMC soft- ware up-to-date. It also makes it really difficult to distribute … - [PDF]
Fido: Fast Inter-Virtual-Machine Communication for Enterprise …
www.cs.princeton.edu/courses/archive/fall10/…/fido-usenix09.pdf
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by A Burtsev – Cited by 18 – Related articles
aged by the VMCI (Virtual Machine Communication In- terface [24]) module. To provide memory mapping, we have not modified any guest VM (Linux) kernel … - [PDF]
Operating System Support for Planetary-Scale Network Services
www.cs.princeton.edu/~acb/nsdi04/paper.pdf
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by A Bavier – Cited by 412 – Related articles
plemented. PlanetLab currently implements the VMM as a combination of the Linux kernel and a set of kernel exten- sions, as outlined in Section 4. A privileged … - [PDF]
Virtual Doppelgänger: On the Performance, Isolation, and Scalability …
www.cs.princeton.edu/~mef/research/paenevirtualization.pdf
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by S Soltesz – Cited by 5 – Related articles
those systems also on a stock Linux kernel. We re- peat a number of the single VM benchmarks as de- scribed in Barham et. al. [1] and Clark et. al [3], … - [PDF]
Evaluating the Impact of Simultaneous Multithreading on Network …
www.cs.princeton.edu/~yruan/XeonSMT/smt.pdf
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by Y Ruan – 2005 – Cited by 25 – Related articles
The Linux kernel implements a number of SMT-specific optimizations, mostly related to processor affinity and load balancing [3]. Task run queues are shared be- … - [PDF]
7. Theory of Computation Regular Expressions and DFAs
www.cs.princeton.edu/courses/archive/spr08/cos126/…/71regular.pdf
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Consider minimal abstract machines. ■. Consider general classes of problems. e.g., Pentium M running Linux kernel 2.6.15. 3. Why Learn Theory? In theory … - [PDF]
Trellis: A Platform for Building Flexible, Fast Virtual Networks on …
www.cs.princeton.edu/~jrex/papers/roads2008.pdf
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by S Bhatia – Cited by 60 – Related articles
We used a customized 2.6.20 Linux kernel patched with Linux VServer and NetNS support and our custom ker- nel patches to provide support for EGRE and … - [PDF]
HMTT: A Platform Independent Full-System Memory Trace …
www.cs.princeton.edu/~ybao/papers/baoyg_HMTT.pdf
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by Y Bao – 2008 – Cited by 14 – Related articles
On Linux platform, the KSM provides an hmtt_printk routine which can be called at any place from the kernel. Unlike Linux kernel’s printk, the hmtt_printk routine … - [PDF]
Virtual Routers on the Move: Live Router Migration as a Network …
www.cs.princeton.edu/~jrex/papers/vroom08.pdf
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by Y Wang – 2008 – Cited by 125 – Related articles
a software data plane (in the Linux kernel) and the other with a hardware data plane (using a NetFPGA card [23]). Each virtual router runs the Quagga routing … - [PDF]
Contents
www.cs.princeton.edu/~wlloyd/papers/ugThesis.pdf
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OS was Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS release 3 (Taroon Update 8) with a 2.4.21-32.ELsmp. Linux kernel. This was also a multi user machine, but it experienced … - [PDF]
Lecture 18: Theory of Computation Regular Expressions and DFAs
www.cs.princeton.edu/courses/archive/spr05/cos126/lectures/18.pdf
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Pentium IV running Linux kernel 2.4.22. 3. Why Learn Theory. In theory . . . ■. Deeper understanding of what is a computer and computing. ■. Foundation of all … - [PDF]
In VINI Veritas: Realistic and Controlled Network Experimentation
www.cs.princeton.edu/~jrex/papers/vini.pdf
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by A Bavier – 2006 – Cited by 332 – Related articles
a full-featured Linux kernel that runs as a user-space process, for this purpose. For each user-space tunnel in our overlay topology,. PL-VINI creates a pair of … - [PDF]
VROOM: Virtual ROuters On the Move
www.cs.princeton.edu/~jrex/papers/vroom.pdf
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by Y Wang – Cited by 19 – Related articles
In our prototype, we use the Linux kernel routing functionality (iptables and iproute2) of domain 0 to emulate the substrate layer of the VROOM architec- ture. - [PDF]
MulVAL: A Logic-based Network Security Analyzer ∗
www.cs.princeton.edu/~sudhakar/papers/mulval_usenix05.pdf
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description for the bug OVAL2961 is: Multiple unknown vulnerabilities in Linux kernel2.4 and 2.6 allow local users to gain privileges or access kernel memory, . - [PDF]
Operating System Support for Planetary-Scale Network Services
www.cs.princeton.edu/courses/archive/fall03/cs597B/…/pl-os.pdf
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by A Bavier – Cited by 412 – Related articles
packet scheduling; the SILK (Scout in Linux Kernel) mod- ule that provides CPU scheduling, network accounting, and safe raw sockets; and the node manager, … - [PDF]
The Design Principles of PlanetLab
www.cs.princeton.edu/courses/…/planetlab-principle-peterson.pdf
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by L Peterson – 2006 – Cited by 71 – Related articles
tor and running a complete operating system kernel in each slice. Where an implementation uses a more high- level VMM, such as the Linux/VServer kernel [1], … - [PDF]
COS 318: Operating Systems OS Structures and System Calls
www.cs.princeton.edu/courses/archive/fall09/…/OSStructure.pdf
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Monolithic. ◆ All kernel routines are together. ◆ A system call interface. ◆ Examples: ●. Linux. ●. BSD Unix. ●. Windows. ◆ Pros. ●. Shared kernel space. ● … - [PDF]
Wide-area Network Acceleration for the Developing World Abstract 1 …
www.cs.princeton.edu/~sihm/papers/wanax-usenix10.pdf
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by S Ihm – Cited by 17 – Related articles
24 Jan 2009 – load two different versions of the Linux kernel source tar files, 2.6.26.4… only 25% on the news sites and 36% on the Linux kernel. On the other … - [PDF]
Programming from the Ground Up
www.cs.princeton.edu/…/ProgrammingGroundUp-1-0-lettersize.pdf
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by J Bartlett – 2003 – Cited by 4 – Related articles
the user applications (from the GNU project and other places) and the kernel (Linux) make up the entire operating system, GNU/Linux. For the most part, this … - [PDF]
Rx: Treating Bugs As Allergies— A Safe Method to Survive Software …
www.cs.princeton.edu/courses/archive/spr06/…/Rx-SOSP05-qin.pdf
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by F Qin – 2005 – Cited by 210 – Related articles
system we modified is the Linux kernel 2.6.10. The Rx proxy is currently implemented at user level for easy debugging. In the fu- ture, we plan to move it to the … - [PDF]
TRODS
www.cs.princeton.edu/~mfreed/docs/trods-dsn11-slides.pdf
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ImplementaPon. • Linux Kernel Module. • 3000 lines of C. • ~CoRAL. – OpPmisPc subset of CoRAL. 28. Page 29. Experiments. • AddiPonal Latency. – Normal … - [PDF]
Coercing Clients into Facilitating Failover for Object Delivery
www.cs.princeton.edu/~mfreed/docs/trods-dsn11.pdf
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by W Lloyd – Related articles
of CoRAL [1] in a kernel module for Linux 2.6.32.3. CoRAL routes requests to a primary server through a backup server and saves the entire response on the … - [PDF]
Virtually Eliminating Router Bugs
www.cs.princeton.edu/~jrex/papers/btrconext09.pdf
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by E Keller – 2009 – Cited by 16 – Related articles
table in the Linux kernel). Figure 7 shows the pass-through time required for a rout- ing change to reach the FIB. We replayed a Routeviews up- date trace and … - [PDF]
Creating virtual “soft„devices with User-mode Linux Sapan Bhatia …
www.cs.princeton.edu/~sapanb/old/Biblio/bhatia-nordu-04.pdf
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User-mode Linux (UML) [3, 4] simplifies this task by allowing developers to test and …provides such an environment b y running the L inu x kernel in user space. - [PDF]
4.4 Balanced Trees 2-3-4 Trees
www.cs.princeton.edu/courses/archive/fall06/cos226/…/balanced.pdf
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Linux kernel: linux/rbtree.h. possible to eliminate at most 2 per insertion … Linux: ReiserFS, XFS, Ext3FS, JFS. Databases. ■. Most common index type in … - [PDF]
Turing Machines
www.cs.princeton.edu/courses/…/cos233-234-lecture8-theory1.pdf
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… universality, complexity, logic. David Hilbert. Kurt Gödel. Alan Turing. Alonzo Church. John von Neumann. e.g., Intel Core 2 Duo running Linux kernel 2.6 … - [PDF]
Active networking : one view of the past, present, and future
www.cs.princeton.edu/courses/archive/fall06/cos561/…/smith04.pdf
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by JM Smith – 2004 – Cited by 38 – Related articles
the Linux kernel. Resource management was controlled with the same cryptographic credentialing system used to control code-loading in SANE, but adapted to … - [PDF]
A System for Authenticated Policy-Compliant Routing
www.cs.princeton.edu/~jrex/teaching/spring2005/…/raghavan04.pdf
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by B Raghavan – 2004 – Cited by 77 – Related articles
ets, while the Linux kernel module registers itself with the IP stack as a protocol handler for Platypus protocol packets. After process- ing and validating any … - [PDF]
Virtual Machine Monitors
www.cs.princeton.edu/courses/archive/fall09/…/VirtualMachine.pdf
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15 Dec 2009 – Uses device drivers from the Linux kernel to talk directly to the device. □ Low performance devices are channeled to special “host” VM, which … - [PDF]
Using Model Checking to Find Serious File System Errors
www.cs.princeton.edu/courses/…/modelcheck-fs-yang.04pdf.pdf
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by J Yang – Cited by 189 – Related articles
plicit state model checker running the Linux kernel, (2) a file system test driver, (3) a permutation checker which verifies that a file system can recover no matter … - [PDF]
MulVAL: A Logic-based Network Security Analyzer
www.cs.princeton.edu/~appel/papers/mulval.pdf
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28 Oct 2004 – In our model, the Linux kernel is both a network ser- vice running as root, and a setuid program owned by root. That is, the consequence of … - [PDF]
Botz-4-Sale: Surviving Organized DDoS Attacks That Mimic Flash …
www.cs.princeton.edu/~mjacob/papers/killbots.pdf
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by S Kandula – Cited by 230 – Related articles
We implement Kill-Bots in the Linux kernel and eval- uate it in the wide-area network using PlanetLab. Addi- tionally, we conduct an experiment on human users … - [PDF]
Experiences Building PlanetLab
www.cs.princeton.edu/courses/archive/fall06/cos561/…/planetlab.pdf
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by L Peterson – Cited by 146 – Related articles
ties such as those provided by the standard Linux kernel, or co-locating the service in the root context. Finally, Table 1 quantifies the impact of moving func- … - [PDF]
PlanetLab: A Blueprint for Introducing Disruptive Technology into the …
www.cs.princeton.edu/courses/archive/fall03/cs597B/…/overview.pdf
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by L Peterson – Cited by 783 – Related articles
15 Sep 2003 – Linux kernel w/ extensions to support isolation. – bootstrapping and software distribution mechanisms. – collection of unbundled management … - [PDF]
Live Migration of Virtual Machines
www.cs.princeton.edu/courses/archive/fall08/…/vm-migration.pdf
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by C Clark – Cited by 893 – Related articles
ing a modified Linux kernel. Their approach is to isolate all process-to-kernel interfaces, such as file handles and sock- ets, into a contained namespace that can … - [PS]
A model and Architecture for Pseudo-Random Generation and …
www.cs.princeton.edu/~boaz/Papers/devrand.pdf
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by B Barak – 2005 – Cited by 35 – Related articles
For example, in the version or random.c. that was used in the Linux kernel v2.4, both streams used. the same entropy pool, so the output of /dev/urandom leaked … - [PDF]
A C++ Function for Evolutionary Optimisation with Applications in …
www.cs.princeton.edu/~min/evofunc/evofunc-0.47-manual.pdf
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by P Min – 2006 – Related articles
4 Jul 2006 – This package was successfully compiled under a Linux kernel 2.4.20, using gcc version 3.2.2, under Mac OS X kernel Darwin 6.8, using gcc, … - [PDF]
Martin n Sucha ara
www.cs.princeton.edu/~msuchara/application/CV.pdf
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Linux. Caltech. • Desig. • Imple. • Evalu. University nt of Compute t. NJ 08540 ….Programming and scripting: C, C++, Java, Perl, Linux kernel programming, bash … - [PDF]
Multiprocessor Support for Event-Driven Programs
www.cs.princeton.edu/courses/archive/fall11/…/libasync-mp.pdf
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by N Zeldovich – Cited by 65 – Related articles
The scheduler considers priority and callback/thread affinity when choosing colors; its design is loosely based on that of the Linux SMP kernel [8]. The scheduler … - [PDF]
7. Theory of Computation
www.cs.princeton.edu/courses/archive/spring09/…/7regular.pdf
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13 Apr 2009 – … or problems. ■. Consider minimal abstract machines. ■. Consider general classes of problems. e.g., Intel Atom running Linux kernel 2.6 … - [PDF]
Xen and the Art of Virtualization
www.cs.princeton.edu/courses/archive/fall05/cos518/papers/xen.pdf
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by P Barham – 2003 – Cited by 3509 – Related articles
Linux kernel is considerably simpler than that expected by Win- dows XP. It would be possible to specify a fixed initial memory layout for all guest OSes, but this … - [PDF]
7. Theory of Computation Regular Expressions
www.cs.princeton.edu/courses/archive/spring10/…/7regular-2×2.pdf
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e.g., Intel Core 2 Duo running Linux kernel 2.6. 3. Why Learn Theory? In theory … ■. Deeper understanding of what is a computer and computing. ■ … - [PDF]
7. Theory of Computation
www.cs.princeton.edu/courses/archive/spring11/…/7regular.pdf
File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat – Quick View
11 Apr 2011 – … complexity, logic. David Hilbert. Kurt Gödel. Alan Turing. Alonzo Church. John von Neumann. e.g., Intel Core 2 Duo running Linux kernel 2.6 … - [PDF]
7. Theory of Computation Regular Expressions
www.cs.princeton.edu/courses/archive/spring11/…/7regular-2×2.pdf
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11 Apr 2011 – Kurt Gödel. Alan Turing. Alonzo Church. John von Neumann. e.g., Intel Core 2 Duo running Linux kernel 2.6. 3. Why Learn Theory? In theory … - [PDF]
Martin n Sucha ara
www.cs.princeton.edu/~msuchara/application/AllInOne.pdf
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the Linux kernel and the experimental evaluation of its properties on WAN-in-Lab [6], a testbed with real carrier-class networking hardware. In [7-8] I studied the … - [PDF]
Virtual Machine Monitors: Current Technology and Future Trends
www.cs.princeton.edu/courses/archive/…/future_trends-rosenblum.pd…
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by T Garfinkel – Cited by 379 – Related articles
9 May 2005 – The ESX Server kernel can use device drivers from the Linux kernel to talk directly to the device, resulting in significantly lower virtualization … - [PDF]
7. Theory of Computation Regular Expressions and DFAs
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Archive for February, 2012
27 Feb
Linux Kernel Resources from Princeton
20 Feb
Capturing all the network traffic when a browser go to a website
My question: How to capture all the network traffic when a browser go to a website?
I must say Chrome provide a very intuitive and easy-to-use interface:
Right click on the browser to select “Inspect Element” and then select on “network”, and then followed by entering the URL (at the top) and click return.
The result as as below.
18 Feb
Illumos Startup Analysis/Debugging using VirtualBox
Illumos is the kernel underlying OpenIndiana OS, and its kernel images can be downloaded at:
https://download.joyent.com/pub/iso/
Although OpenIndiana can be downloaded from:
http://openindiana.org/download/
It will not be covered here. The present analysis will just analyze how Illumos kernel start itself up initially. (BTW, Illumos is a Opensource version of Opensolaris, which is no longer “open” now).
First I install VirtualBox on my Ubuntu, but because the kernel has been upgraded, I had to do a “/etc/init.d/vboxdrv setup” reinstallation of the VirtualBox kernel drivers. Several problems were resolved, among which is the fact that VirtualBox setup script does not allow you to have spacing in the path to your kernel source, which initially exists, as I have moved the kernel source to the external NTFS harddisk, and the mount point has a space in it. Resolving that, I successfully compiled the VirtualBox drivers and got it running in my Linux kernel 3.3.0-rc3, Ubuntu 10.04 (LTS 64-bit version).
Using this procedure:
https://www.illumos.org/projects/illumos-gate/wiki/Serial_console_in_VirtualBox
The VirtualBox was setup CD/DVD pointing at the ISO image of Illumos kernel (smartos-20120210T043623Z.iso for me) and with serial port pointing at host pipe with filenamed as “/tmp/serial_host_pipe”, and download and compile socat as according to above instruction. (Alternatively, instead of downloading and compile, in Ubuntu you can easily do a “apt-get install socat” to install your socat application).
Next create the following file: mysocat.sh
#!/bin/bash
[ "$1" ] || { echo "usage: $0 PIPE"; exit 1; }
trap "stty sane" 0 1 2 3 15
socat unix-connect:$1 stdio,raw,echo=0,icanon=0
and then start the Illumos running in VirtualBox, and select “live 64-ttya-kmdb” the VirtualBox will spawn a black screen with dots pausing for input. At this point, the serial host pipe is created, and so run “mysocat.sh /tmp/serial_host_pipe” in another terminal to connect to the VirtualBox. All inputs and analysis will be done via that terminal:
[0]> moddebug/W 80000000
moddebug: 0 = 0x80000000
First we will list all the kernel threads existing:
[0]> ::threadlist -v
ADDR PROC LWP CLS PRI WCHAN
fffffffffbc2fa40 fffffffffbc2eb00 fffffffffbc31540 0 96 0
PC: 0 CMD:
stack pointer for thread fffffffffbc2fa40: fffffffffbc72240
0x38()
mlsetup+0x715()
_locore_start+0x8b()
From the above stacktrace of the only kernel thread, we can identify the symbols involved in the startup process.
[0]> ::dis _locore_start
_locore_start: leaq +0x40f149(%rip),%rbp <_edata>
_locore_start+7: movq $0x0,0x0(%rbp)
_locore_start+0xf: leaq +0x46d37a(%rip),%rsp <t0stack>
_locore_start+0x16: addq $0x4f10,%rsp
_locore_start+0x1d: subq $0x8,%rsp
_locore_start+0x21: movq %rdi,+0x431bf0(%rip) <sysp>
_locore_start+0x28: movq %rdx,+0x4138c9(%rip) <bootops>
_locore_start+0x2f:
movq $0xfffffffffbc13908,+0x45c5ee(%rip) <bootops> <bootopsp>
_locore_start+0x3a: movq %rdi,0x10(%rsp)
_locore_start+0x3f: movq %rsi,0x18(%rsp)
_locore_start+0x44: movq %rdx,0x20(%rsp)
_locore_start+0x49: movq %rcx,0x28(%rsp)
_locore_start+0x4e: movq %r8,0x30(%rsp)
_locore_start+0x53: movq %r9,0x38(%rsp)
_locore_start+0x58: pushfq
_locore_start+0x59: popq %r11
_locore_start+0x5b: movq %r11,0xd8(%rsp)
_locore_start+0x63: movq %cr0,%rax
_locore_start+0x66: orq $0x50000,%rax
_locore_start+0x6c: andq $0xffffffff9fffffff,%rax
_locore_start+0x72: movq %rax,%cr0
_locore_start+0x75: btsl $0x18,+0x431be3(%rip) <x86_featureset>
_locore_start+0x7d: xorl %ebp,%ebp
_locore_start+0x7f: movq %rsp,%rdi
_locore_start+0x82: pushq %rbp
_locore_start+0x83: movq %rsp,%rbp
_locore_start+0x86: call +0x380a5 <mlsetup>
_locore_start+0x8b: call +0x2634e0 <main>
_locore_start+0x90: leaq +0x7(%rip),%rdi <0xfffffffffb8000ae>
_locore_start+0x97: xorl %eax,%eax
_locore_start+0x99: call +0x813d2 <panic>
From above, we can see how _locore_start() called mlsetup(), and subsequently main().
Looking into the file:
http://src.illumos.org/source/xref/illumos-gate/usr/src/uts/i86pc/ml/locore.s
154 * XXX Make this less vile, please.
155 */
156 ENTRY_NP(_locore_start)
157
158 /*
159 * %rdi = boot services (should die someday)
160 * %rdx = bootops
161 * end
162 */
163
164 leaq edata(%rip), %rbp /* reference edata for ksyms */
165 movq $0, (%rbp) /* limit stack back trace */
166
167 /*
168 * Initialize our stack pointer to the thread 0 stack (t0stack)
169 * and leave room for a "struct regs" for lwp0. Note that the
170 * stack doesn't actually align to a 16-byte boundary until just
171 * before we call mlsetup because we want to use %rsp to point at
172 * our regs structure.
173 */
174 leaq t0stack(%rip), %rsp
175 addq $_CONST(DEFAULTSTKSZ - REGSIZE), %rsp
176 #if (REGSIZE & 15) == 0
177 subq $8, %rsp
178 #endif
179 /*
180 * Save call back for special x86 boot services vector
181 */
182 movq %rdi, sysp(%rip)
183
184 movq %rdx, bootops(%rip) /* save bootops */
And finally….
1049
1050 #endif /* !__xpv */
1051
1052 /*
1053 * mlsetup(%esp) gets called.
1054 */
1055 pushl %esp
1056 call mlsetup
1057 addl $4, %esp
1058
http://src.illumos.org/source/xref/illumos-gate/usr/src/uts/i86pc/os/mlsetup.c and its disassembly below:
[0]> mlsetup+0x715::dis
mlsetup+0x6e9: movq %rax,%rdi
mlsetup+0x6ec: call +0x2505f <setcr4>
mlsetup+0x6f1: jmp -0x588 <mlsetup+0x16e>
mlsetup+0x6f6: nop
mlsetup+0x6f8: movq $0xfffffffffb9375e8,%rdi
mlsetup+0x6ff: xorl %eax,%eax
mlsetup+0x701: call +0x1790ca <prom_printf>
mlsetup+0x706: call +0x176335 <prom_enter_mon>
mlsetup+0x70b: jmp -0x1a1 <mlsetup+0x56f>
mlsetup+0x710: call +0x2598b <kmdb_enter>
mlsetup+0x715: nopl (%rax)
mlsetup+0x718: jmp -0x275 <mlsetup+0x4a8>
mlsetup+0x71d: nopl (%rax)
mlsetup+0x720: movq %gs:0x10,%rdi
mlsetup+0x729: call -0x2e53e <cpuid_getfamily>
mlsetup+0x72e: cmpl $0x6,%eax
mlsetup+0x731: ja -0x5f7 <mlsetup+0x140>
mlsetup+0x737: movl $0xe,%esi
mlsetup+0x73c: movq $0xfffffffffbc31c70,%rdi <x86_featureset>
mlsetup+0x743: call -0x312e8 <is_x86_feature>
mlsetup+0x748: testl %eax,%eax
[0]>
Single-stepping further:
[0]> :s
kmdb: target stopped at:
kmdb_enter+0xe: call -0x5c3 <intr_restore>
[0]> $c
kmdb_enter+0xe()
mlsetup+0x715(fffffffffbc722a8)
_locore_start+0x8b()
[0]> :s
kmdb: target stopped at:
intr_restore: testq $0x200,%rdi
Now looking into the disassembly at the present point:
[0]> ::dis
intr_restore: testq $0x200,%rdi
intr_restore+7: je +0x1 <intr_restore+0xa>
intr_restore+9: sti
intr_restore+0xa: ret
0xfffffffffb85dc3b: nopl 0x0(%rax,%rax)
sti: sti
sti+1: ret
0xfffffffffb85dc42: nopw %cs:0x0(%rax,%rax)
cli: cli
cli+1: ret
0xfffffffffb85dc52: nopw %cs:0x0(%rax,%rax)
And then looking into the stacktrace:
[0]> $c
kmdb_enter+0xe()
mlsetup+0x715(fffffffffbc722a8)
_locore_start+0x8b()
We are therefore inside the kmdb_enter() processing function:
121 void
122 mlsetup(struct regs *rp, kfpu_t *fp)
123 {
135 /* drop into kmdb on boot -d */
136 if (boothowto & RB_DEBUGENTER)
137 kmdb_enter();
138
204 /*
205 * Initialize thread/cpu microstate accounting
206 */
207 init_mstate(&t0, LMS_SYSTEM);
208 init_cpu_mstate(CPU, CMS_SYSTEM);
209
210 /*
211 * Initialize lists of available and active CPUs.
212 */
213 cpu_list_init(CPU);
214
215 cpu_vm_data_init(CPU);
216
217 pg_cpu_bootstrap(CPU);
218
219 (void) prom_set_preprom(kern_splr_preprom);
220 (void) prom_set_postprom(kern_splx_postprom);
221 PRM_INFO("mlsetup: now ok to call prom_printf");
241
242 /*
243 * Negotiate hypervisor services, if any
244 */
245 hsvc_setup();
246 mach_soft_state_init();
Using these symbols, and googling, the following was found that gave a low down description of the bootup process:
My Technical Blog 
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